International terrorism has altered the post-Cold War conflict landscape. However, post-Cold War civilian deaths, including humanitarian workers, account for 90% of total deaths, compared with 50% in World War II. The average number of battle deaths per conflict per year was 38,000 in 1950 and 700 in 2005 – a 98% decrease. The overwhelming majority of post-Cold War armed conflicts have been intrastate, or civil, wars. This global pattern has gone largely unnoticed in the media, much of the policy community and also parts of the research community.ĭuring the Cold War, armed conflict included wars between government and non-state actors and extra-state wars of liberation from colonial rule. There has also been a decline in the number of genocides, wars between countries and military coups. The incidence of violent conflict has fallen rapidly following the end of the Cold War falling by some 40% between 19. The single most compelling explanation for the decline in conflict is the upsurge in peacemaking and peacebuilding activities begun in the early 1990s by international institutions, donor governments and civil society organisations. Why are there fewer conflicts today? This paper, published by the International Peace Academy, reviews global trends in political violence since the end of World War II and examines the decline in conflict numbers following the end of the Cold War.
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